一、工法特點(diǎn)

1、 Characteristics of construction methods

精度控制優(yōu)勢(shì)

Precision control advantage

倒序安裝是從頂部結(jié)構(gòu)開始向下安裝，與常規(guī)順序安裝相比，在安裝過程中更容易對(duì)異形雙曲鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱的頂部節(jié)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確定位。因?yàn)轫敳抗?jié)點(diǎn)通常是與其他主要結(jié)構(gòu)（如屋面梁等）相連接的關(guān)鍵部位，倒序安裝可以先確定這個(gè)關(guān)鍵部位的空間位置，通過準(zhǔn)確的測(cè)量和調(diào)整手段，如使用全站儀等高精度測(cè)量?jī)x器，將頂部節(jié)點(diǎn)的誤差控制在極小范圍內(nèi)，從而為后續(xù)柱體的安裝提供準(zhǔn)確的基準(zhǔn)。

Reverse installation starts from the top structure and is installed downwards. Compared with conventional sequential installation, it is easier to accurately locate the top nodes of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns during the installation process. Because the top node is usually a critical part connected to other major structures such as roof beams, reverse installation can first determine the spatial position of this critical part. Through accurate measurement and adjustment methods, such as using high-precision measuring instruments such as total stations, the error of the top node can be controlled within a very small range, providing accurate benchmarks for the subsequent installation of columns.

施工性提升

Improvement of construction safety

采用倒序安裝，在安裝上部結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，下方的作業(yè)空間相對(duì)開闊，減少了下方已安裝結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)施工設(shè)備和人員的潛在威脅。例如，在安裝過程中，起重機(jī)等設(shè)備的起吊和移動(dòng)不會(huì)受到下部已安裝結(jié)構(gòu)的阻礙，降低了碰撞風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。而且，施工人員在高處作業(yè)時(shí)，下方尚未安裝的部分可以提供更好的視野和操作空間，有利于防護(hù)措施的實(shí)施。

By using reverse installation, when installing the upper structure, the working space below is relatively open, reducing the potential safety threats to construction equipment and personnel from the already installed structure below. For example, during the installation process, the lifting and movement of equipment such as cranes will not be hindered by the lower installed structure, reducing the risk of collision. Moreover, when construction personnel work at heights, the uninstalled parts below can provide better visibility and operating space, which is conducive to the implementation of safety protection measures.

質(zhì)量保證措施有效

Effective quality assurance measures

由于是倒序安裝，每安裝一節(jié)柱體都可以對(duì)已安裝部分進(jìn)行質(zhì)量檢查和調(diào)整。在安裝下一節(jié)柱體時(shí)，可以通過預(yù)拼裝等方式確保與上一節(jié)柱體的連接精度，使整個(gè)異形雙曲鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱的線形更加順暢。例如，對(duì)于雙曲造型部分，可以在地面上進(jìn)行預(yù)拼裝，檢查相鄰柱體之間的曲面過渡是否自然、接口是否緊密，從而保證整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)的質(zhì)量符合設(shè)計(jì)要求。

Due to the reverse installation, eachinstalled section of the column can undergo quality inspection and adjustment of the already installed parts. When installing the next section of the column, the connection accuracy with the previous section can be ensured through pre assembly and other methods, making the overall shape of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure column smoother. For example, for the hyperbolic shaped part, pre assembly can be carried out on the ground to check whether the curved transitions between adjacent columns are natural and whether the interfaces are tight, thereby ensuring that the quality of the entire structure meets the design requirements.

二、施工工藝流程

2、 Construction process flow

施工準(zhǔn)備

Construction preparation

技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備：仔細(xì)研讀設(shè)計(jì)圖紙，對(duì)異形雙曲鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱的形狀、尺寸、材質(zhì)、連接方式等技術(shù)參數(shù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析。利用BIM（建筑信息模型）技術(shù)對(duì)鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱進(jìn)行三維建模，模擬安裝過程，提前發(fā)現(xiàn)可能存在的問題，如構(gòu)件之間的碰撞、安裝順序不合理等，并制定相應(yīng)的解決方案。同時(shí)，根據(jù)設(shè)計(jì)要求和規(guī)范標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，編制詳細(xì)的施工方案和質(zhì)量、控制計(jì)劃。

Technical preparation: Carefully study the design drawings and conduct a detailed analysis of the technical parameters such as shape, size, material, and connection method of the irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns. Using BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology to conduct 3D modeling of steel structure columns, simulate the installation process, identify potential issues in advance, such as collisions between components and unreasonable installation sequence, and develop corresponding solutions. At the same time, according to design requirements and regulatory standards, prepare detailed construction plans and quality and safety control plans.

材料與設(shè)備準(zhǔn)備：按照設(shè)計(jì)要求采購(gòu)合格的鋼材，對(duì)鋼材的材質(zhì)、規(guī)格等進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格檢驗(yàn)。對(duì)于異形雙曲鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱，由于其形狀特殊，可能需要定制加工一些特殊的連接節(jié)點(diǎn)和構(gòu)配件。在設(shè)備方面，準(zhǔn)備好足夠的起重機(jī)、電焊機(jī)、測(cè)量?jī)x器（如全站儀、水準(zhǔn)儀）等施工設(shè)備，并確保設(shè)備性能良好，能夠滿足施工要求。

Material and equipment preparation: Purchase qualified steel according to design requirements, and conduct strict inspections on the material and specifications of the steel. For special-shaped hyperbolic steel structural columns, due to their unique shape, it may be necessary to customize and process some special connection nodes and structural components. In terms of equipment, prepare sufficient construction equipment such as cranes, welding machines, and measuring instruments (such as total stations and level gauges), and ensure that the equipment has good performance and can meet the construction requirements.

場(chǎng)地準(zhǔn)備：清理施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，設(shè)置好材料堆放區(qū)和構(gòu)件拼裝區(qū)。對(duì)于異形雙曲鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱的構(gòu)件，由于其形狀復(fù)雜，在堆放時(shí)要做好標(biāo)識(shí)和防護(hù)，防止構(gòu)件變形和損壞。同時(shí)，在安裝現(xiàn)場(chǎng)要做好基礎(chǔ)處理，確?；A(chǔ)的平整度和強(qiáng)度符合要求，為鋼結(jié)構(gòu)柱的安裝提供良好的基礎(chǔ)條件。

Site preparation: Clean up the construction site, set up material stacking areas and component assembly areas. For the components of irregular hyperbolic steel structure columns, due to their complex shape, proper labeling and protection should be done during stacking to prevent deformation and damage of the components. At the same time, foundation treatment should be done well at the installation site to ensure that the flatness and strength of the foundation meet the requirements, providing good foundation conditions for the installation of steel structure columns.

頂部節(jié)點(diǎn)安裝

Top node installation

根據(jù)預(yù)先確定的空間坐標(biāo)，使用起重機(jī)

Using a crane based on predetermined spatial coordinates